Allergies are common conditions that happen when your immune system overreacts to a substance that is typically harmless. These substances are called allergens, and they can include things like pollen, dust, mold, and pet dander. When you come into contact with an allergen, your body's immune system responds by releasing chemicals, such as histamine, which can cause symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, and rash.
There are several different types of allergies, including hay fever, food allergies, and allergic asthma. The symptoms of allergies can range from mild to severe, and they can sometimes be life-threatening. If you think you may have allergies, it's important to talk to your doctor so they can diagnose the condition and recommend the best treatment options for you.
Treatment for allergies may include avoiding the allergen, taking medications to control symptoms, or getting allergy shots (immunotherapy) to help your body get used to the allergen. In some cases, your doctor may recommend a combination of these treatments. It's important to follow your doctor's instructions and to seek medical help if your symptoms are severe or if you think you are having a life-threatening allergic reaction.
Some common allergies include hay fever (allergic rhinitis), food allergies, and allergic asthma.
Hay fever, also known as allergic rhinitis, is a type of allergy that affects the nose. It is caused by allergens such as pollen, dust, and mold, and it can cause symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, and congestion.
Food allergies are caused by an overreaction of the immune system to a specific food or ingredient. Symptoms of a food allergy can range from mild (such as a rash or hives) to severe (such as difficulty breathing or swelling of the throat). Some of the most common food allergies include allergies to peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, milk, and eggs.
Allergic asthma is a type of asthma that is triggered by allergens. When someone with allergic asthma comes into contact with an allergen, their airways become inflamed and narrowed, which can make it difficult to breathe. Symptoms of allergic asthma can include wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and difficulty breathing.